It seems to grandmothers that not to treat krohu with a candy and not to sweeten kefir for the night - simply crime. And mums, on the contrary, aspire, that the kid as it is possible did not know longer, that such «a sweet life». On the first year of a life the kid does not require at all sugar. Those mums who buy jars with children's mashed potatoes and juice with a mark «without sugar», are absolutely right. Now to give superfluous loading on a sensitive pancreas of the child dangerously. And to add sugar in each squash that the kid has eaten it more, too it is not so good. And after 1 year superfluous consumption of sweet artificial products is negatively reflected in an organism reMAINs. Quickly acquired calories often provoke children's adiposity and a diabetes - diseases very serious, to hold which under the control it is necessary all life. It, perhaps, a principal cause of refusal of a considerable quantity of the sweet small child in a diet.

According to the World organisation of public health services, the number of the people, suffering a diabetes in Russia, exceeds 8 million. And still bolshee number at all do not suspect, that they are already sick. By the way, the dietician not casually persistently advise to future mummies sladkoezhkam to reduce consumption sweet during pregnancy: the glucose which is present at sugar and products which contain it, instantly breaks a placentary barrier and influences secretion of insulin of a pancreas of the kid. Than it is fraught for small, you, probably, and have guessed.

The second, not less important, the reason of reasonable refusal of sugar - caries destroying firm fabrics of a tooth with formation of defect in the form of a cavity. Caries at the smallest age is especially unpleasant. A sweet film on the first zubkah - tempting for bacteria the environment of reproduction which easily damages fragile enamel! But after 1 year,

So to refuse sugar absolutely?

When the child already understands, that adults eat something with pleasure vkusnenkoe, and asks to divide with it this pleasure, the hand and lasts to treat with its sweet cookies condensed by milk or a candy. And then parents, knowing about harm of sugar, are tormented with a remorse: whether knowingly I have conceded native krohe? Actually sugar - very important component of a diet of the person. At all bad reputation sugar participates in normalisation of activity of the central nervous system, forms in an organism very important substance (glikogen), feeding muscles and heart of the kid. The minimum dose of daily reception of sugar is officially established even. From 1 year till 3 years is 40 g, and in 3-6 years - 50 So, sugar is necessary and important, MAIN thing - not to go too far. To sweet children receive love since a birth. The chest milk because of presence at it of lactose - dairy sugar - sweet and tasty, and at the child for all life reMAINs subconscious association: Sweet is a love, warmth, calmness (whether from here an adult habit "zaest" grieves something sladenkim?) Then the kid receives the first sweet feeding up - juice and fruit mashed potatoes. After half a year it is possible to give to the child special children's pechenitse and sweet kissels. And after 1 year he already with pleasure will eat, for example, a zephyr (only not in chocolate!), a fruit candy and fruit cookies.

From 3 years from time to time please the kid with cakes-cakes and low-fat ice-cream. Chocolate and products "in chocolate" let the child will try already at school: present at chocolate teobromin too raises fragile nervous system of the kid. Besides, in chocolate there is also other substance - tannin which quite often causes headaches. It contains and in red wine: recollect, how the head is ill if a little to touch the superfluous. It is not necessary to forget, that chocolate also strong enough allergen. To the child inclined to a food allergy, it is better to try it much after the healthy contemporaries.

Speaking about the kid-allergike, it is necessary to mention separately to medical Such children to give it it is necessary accurately and only from 3 years after consultation of the pediatrist. The daily norm of honey should not exceed 1-2 teaspoons. Though honey, probably, the most tasty and useful natural podslastitel - at the expense of easily acquired sugars, glucose and fructose its caloric content reaches 335 kcal/100 g! It possesses high nutritional value, favorably influences digestion bodies, stimulates appetite and renders anti-inflammatory effect at throat diseases. At the diseases, demanding to exclude the use of pure sugar, parents are compelled to search for alternative. These are the products containing small quantity of calories and possessing besides pleasant sweet taste. Such substances share on two groups - sugar substitutes (fructose, ksilit, sorbite) and intensive podslastiteli (saccharin, aspartam, tsiklamat, a sou-kraloza, atsesulfam).

Sugar substitutes

Whether it is necessary to give to children of sweet? A sugar substitute are substances of the sugar nature, as a rule, is much more sweet some usual sugar.

Fructose

It is natural fruit sugar. It in 1,7 times is more sweet some usual sugar. On caloric content it is comparable to it, however owing to that fructose is more sweet, it use much less. Besides it is acquired by cages, not demanding an insulin hormone and consequently it is used in a dietary food including for sick of a diabetes.

Sorbite

On the chemical structure concerns spirits. It is the restored form of glucose. Contains in apples, pears, peaches. Can cause a swelling of a stomach and a diarrhoeia that interferes with its wide use in a food. Sorbite has found application in quality podslastitelja in a chewing elastic band.

Ksilit (E 967)

In the form of carbohydrates ksilozy it is a part some difficult carbohydrates. It is applied as podslastitel - besides in a chewing elastic band.

Intensive podslastiteli

Intensive podslastiteli are substances of not sugar nature. On sweet it in some hundreds times exceeds sugar, but has zero caloric content. Especially it is favourable at creation of drinks. One more distinctive feature - podslastiteli are deduced from an organism in not changed kind. Them not at once have accepted to the use. Long and widely discussed about their cancerogenic (abilities to cause oncological diseases), especially in the big doses.

Despite recommended safe norms of their consumption, it is better to preschool child to avoid products into which structure they are included. Especially it concerns the aerated drinks and snekov. And at last council to parents: completely to deprive of the healthy child of sweet, probably, it is not necessary.

Let receives a lawful portion of a delicacy every day, but also to exceed norm does not follow. And MAIN thing - learn it to take pleasure in other flavouring sensations.

Darya Shults

Children who transfer stresses, suffer mental frustration in an adult life is more often, German scientists consider.

The overwhelming number of researches has shown, that the traumas received in the childhood, influence psychopathology in an adult life, doctor Brigitte Rockstroh from university Konstanz (Germany) has informed. Research has been published in magazine BMC Psychiatry.

Scientists have carried out research in which have involved 96 adults the person with such mental frustration, as the heavy form of depression, a schizophrenia, a narcotism and frustration of the person, and also 31 adults without problems with mentality.

Researchers used screening of level of stress which has shown presence of stressful situations and psychological traumas at participants in the early childhood, approximately in six years, and also in an initial stage of a sexual maturity and an adult life.

Scientists have found out, that the childhood is the critical period which is connected with development of a mental condition in the future. The most critical periods, according to scientists, fall to the early childhood and a puberty initial stage. Stresses in an adult life did not render essential influence. According to experts, it is necessary for parents to care of a moral condition of children as it can outgrow in serious mental diseases in the future.

According to a site

The globe was captured by growing thin epidemic. «90-60-90» the fair sex has especially undergone to infection with a virus. Young ladies furiously grow thin with mladyh nails, very much squeezing themselves in the standard standards. Alas! Declaring weight irreconcilable war, little girls can achieve absolutely unexpected results.

Whence at a foot anorexia grow

Small children — small bedki, and the awkward age can become the beginning of the big troubles if in time not to pay to it attention. When the child matures — its interests fall outside the limits a sandbox and on the foreground dialogue with coevals acts. At teenage age of a problem of appearance have great value. During this difficult period the girls especially anxious by own exterior, often perceive themselves inadequately and most insignificant lack are inclined to inflate to universal scales.

Now the world the cult of hallows, and little girls corrects, seeing in growing thin MAIN way to "self-improvement", dare at extreme measures. Zealously, to the seventh sweat, exhaust itself physical exercises, eat with doll portions, arrange to itself rigid days of limited intake of food and even cause vomiting God forbid not to grow fat from a cabbage leaf or an apple slice. Such strange "program-maximum" carries quite concrete name — an anorexia, or pathological refusal of meal.

Artful disease develops gradually.

— First growing thin causes pleasure, — the doctor of branch of hygiene of children and teenagers Kharkov regional SES speaks Evgenie Shuba. — as also coevals in delight from will power: «You can refuse meal, and we — are not present». It raises a self-estimation, and girls continue to torture themselves a diet to ego-trip. But if at first growing thin becomes only a part of the "grandiose" plan (to like coevals to promote) further it turns to end in itself. So gradually at the girl the anorexia develops. On statistical data, this disease suffer about 4 % of women in the world. At us while this problem care very little. But it exists.

Psychologists sometimes name an anorexia illness of honours pupils. More often illness really amazes independent, arrogant girls who put before itself the high purposes. As a rule, they well study, them respect in collective, but they aspire to reach still bolshego, as much as possible to come nearer to a desired ideal, to be faultless in all.

20 % of patients to rescue it is not possible

Evgenie Shuba tells, that first girls manage to hide "hobby": they hotly convince mums that densely eat at school, and to teachers say, that take breakfasts from the house. Therefore parents, as a rule, long reMAIN in sacred ignorance that the daughter of tortures, and pass the disease beginning. In most cases parents notice metamorphoses when the child "has obviously thawn" on 15-20 kgs. Therefore more often in sight of doctors such girls get only after two-three years of wearisome diets. But, unfortunately, by this time the anorexia passes already in other stage: rigid diets and starvation can provoke serious negative changes in an organism, and cure disease very difficult. And anorexia treatment — difficult and long process, also begins it with restoration of optimum weight to that girls just oppose.

— To win an anorexia — one medicamentous treatment insufficiently. It is necessary to find out and the psychological reasons which have caused it, — warns Evgenie Shuba. — sometimes after treatment in hospitals of the patient recover and start to restore weight, but any disappointment or a conflict situation lead to their unique thought: all business — only in excess weight, and they again start to grow thin. Experts warn, that in heavy cases business can reach a full exhaustion, and, despite efforts of physicians, approximately 20 % of patients rescues it is not possible.

Competently

Critical weight of 44 kgs

— The teenage age is the powerful reorganisation period in a life of the girl, — preduprezhdaetpodrostkovyj the doctor-gynecologist of the regional centre of planning of a family and a reproduction of person Olga Marakushina.

— By 10-11 years occurs not only the strengthened growth, but also rough sexual development. It is very important, that during this period the organism received the balanced quantity of nutrients.

At teenage age on abrupt physiological metamorphoses the psychological are imposed also: often during this period of the girl start to dream in ideal parametres. Besides, happens, that the nature during this period plays with them a malicious joke: appetite becomes simply wolf. Girls try to get off by hook or by crook hated kgs, but sharp growing thin strikes a crushing blow on an organism. Because of weight loss on 15 % the monthly can disappear. Experts explain such phenomenon infringement of albuminous and fatty exchanges.

— At any age if the critical weight of a body — 44-46 kgs is reached, the monthly cycle is reduced and there can be a barreness. It is process reversible, but thus the patient needs not simply to start to eat. Medicamentous correction, the help of psychotherapists, neuropathologists, gynecologists will be necessary, — Olga Marakushina speaks.

Good advice

That the child has not starved itself to death

Probably, all mums and daddies dream to become once grandmothers and grandfathers. That dreams became a reality — well to listen to opinion of the expert.

— The teenage age is the period of comprehension of and desire to be interesting, attractive, — the psychologist of the regional centre of planning of a family and a reproduction of person Natalia Rahmail advises. — But at this age the body develops is disproportionate, and teenagers, as a rule, have an unstable self-estimation. The girl, once having looked in a mirror and not having liked itself, can draw a "long-playing" conclusion: «I thick and consequently will be interesting to nobody». The anorexia reason is some self-destruction, unwillingness to accept the physical shape. And as mass-media impose an ideal image Barbie — for this purpose it is necessary to grow thin, thin and once again to grow thin.

Often unconscious motive to growing thin is the attention lack to itself, subjective sensation of the child, that do not love it how it would like. There is also an opinion, that an anorexia — display of youthful depression. Therefore MAIN council to parents — not to shame at all, not to deride, not to speak, that diets is a nonsense, and to try to understand, that the girl does not arrange in her life why so it is necessary for it to aspire to such ideal. It is possible to address with it to the psychologist — if it not a clinical case, and the girl only selectively refuses any products.

Probably, growing thin — not the worst desire of the girl if it does not turn to end in itself. Working over herself, she will learn to overcome herself, to achieve success — these qualities are very important for the teenager. If the child would like to make beautiful a body — parents should it help with it, in reasonable limits, certainly. It is necessary to make such diet at which the girl will not type superfluous kgs. There are kinds of sports which allow the woman to feel assured and beautiful: aerobics, shaping, east dances, employment in an exercise room. The girl it is necessary sorientirovat that she is a mistress of the life, the body, but for this purpose it is not so obligatory to lose food. Leanness, and proportional, trained, obedient is beautiful not

To the mistress a body.

Marina Efanova

The traumas connected with a two-story bed, are actual not only for children, but also for adults at young age, scientists confirm.

Scientists have carried out research the Center on research of traumas (Center for Injury Research) in which result it was found out, that about 75 % of children who were traumatised in connection with a two-story bed, have appeared aged till 10 years. To surprise of scientists, frequency of the given kind of a trauma is high enough and at aged people from 18 to 21 years.

During research it was found out, that in age group from 18 to 21 years frequency of a similar traumatism twice exceeds the same indicators at children at the age from 14 till 17 years. Scientists explain it to that the youth should use two-story beds is more often. Such beds often establish in hostels at educational institutions or in army. The increased frequency of a traumatism among young men is connected also with their big growth and weight in comparison with children.

According to statistics, falling from such bed is the most widespread reason of the traumas connected with given pieces of furniture, for all age. Crisis takes the third place on frequency of damages to result of a trauma.

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Once we already lifted a theme of children's fears before doctors. However, among the last there is one especial, the one who should be noted separately. You have already read heading, therefore I will dare not to play theatre and at once to pass to business …

Why?

Children or adults, whether all is equal? Why at children in another way? The difference is. It is necessary to speak about dentists separately and on that is at all one reason. I will begin with the most obvious. A toothache — one of the most unpleasant and unusual. Of a toothache are afraid all. Certainly, those from us who is richer, can object — progress supposedly be ill almost you do not feel … Fairly. There is a such. But not for all and not everywhere. Also has put at all always in money. At times, the nearest hospital of which we will take advantage in case of a sharp pain, simply has no modern technics.

So, a pain. The reason we can easily reveal the second, having looked at ourselves. Perhaps, to me has carried, and this article is read entirely by brave people, fear before the dentist not testing. Then I will tell directly: many of us — walking advertising of fear before dentists. For many of us it is serious enough problem sometimes even insuperable. And we, such unfortunate, incapable to descend once a year to the stomatologist, without ceremony we can see the same problems at the child who has become to the adult. Whether costs? Certainly, no. After all children feel all differently, get used to inconveniences is much better, not always have a choice and at all always on it reflect. It is necessary to tooth. It is necessary to suffer. If you do not present the dentist as the horrible punishment of all mankind in years visit to the dentist will not seem to your child more terribly a hairstyle in a hairdressing salon. Here also MAIN difference is covered: we hardly will change something, and here our children can quite not be afraid of the terrible pine forest-car. In my opinion quite good motivation.

And for fidelity, here to you the third reason: a toothache — the phenomenon frequent. Almost the most frequent. It is not excluded, that your son should visit not once a year a room with a horrible armchair. If it of this room is are afraid more strongly, than fire the considerable part of its life, you see, will be saddened. Means, it is that area in which it is necessary to try especially well.

How?

But after all it is sick! How it is possible not to be afraid of digging in your own teeth? I will tell to you fairly, as it I do not know. I am afraid of dentists, very much I am afraid. But speech about children. They have time to get used, and we can help them with it.

To begin with we will address to set the teeth on edge that who reads my articles, to "personal example". Even if you hate dentists and prepare for each reception on half a year, your child about it even to suspect should not. Absolutely on the contrary! Be vigorous before the next visit to stomatologic clinic, start conversation on how to you that fact is pleasant, that tomorrow the sick tooth any more will not be. And after do not forget to show all kind, that to you it is indeed healthy. Even if to you it is completely not healthy …

Prepare, encourage and support. To, during time and after. Try in conversations on a sick tooth to do an emphasis for the positive moments (short procedure, the pain very soon will pass, «you see, now to you it became easier, the tooth is not ill any more!»). Here some attention after unpleasantly procedure seems to me important. In some days start about it conversation, pay attention of your child that the pain disturbing it before, has left. It will help with the future.

The "correct" dentist. On the doctor depends very many. It should be kind and affable, it should carry out the same function, as you — in every possible way to soften unpleasant procedure. Be not too lazy to ask all friends and acquaintances on the nearest dentists, present a box of sweets to the doctor if it has justified your expectations (here "yours" — you and your child, it is unconditional). And, of course, you should be a number always. It is less than fear and a healthy teeth to your children!

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