Time you smoke, try to protect yourself as much as possible. What cigarettes the best why "lungs" are more harmful usual, and a cigar it is not more harmless than cigarettes? The Director of scientific research institute kantserogeneza professor David Zaridze tells.

"Easy" cigarettes are how much harmless?

Easy cigarettes (soft, lights, sometimes «slims» — thin) which are presented as practically harmless, actually those are not. Yes, in them the reduced MAINtenance of pitches and nicotine. Nicotine is a drug, pitch — that settles on the filter of a cigarette and on your lungs after you were tightened. In pitch in a considerable quantity cancerogenic substances (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) which cause a cancer contain.

But not it is MAIN indicators of harm of a cigarette. There are still others which, unfortunately, on a pack are not specified. We carried out researches which have shown, that in "easy" cigarettes concentration tabakspetsificheskih nitrozaminov is very high — so carcinogens which contain not in pitch, and in the tobacco are called. One group of carcinogens is supervised, and the second reMAINs without supervision — on it and the manufacturer counts. By the way, from more than dozen of kinds of the investigated cigarettes, the most popular female cigarettes contain the highest concentration tabakspetsificheskih nitrozaminov.

Besides, the organism of the smoker demands the dose of nicotine and if in its cigarette it is less, than you have got used, you simply smoke one more — that is buy not one, and two packs of cigarettes that is very favourable the tobacco industry.

How to choose less harmful cigarettes?

While only to look at nicotine and pitch level. The it is less, the better. But it is far not a guarantee of that such cigarettes are less harmful. At us in the country some years have cancelled certification of cigarettes and nobody checks, how many actually pitches and nicotine in them contains. Therefore on a pack it is possible to specify everything.

That really nobility, cigarettes are how much harmful, it is necessary for more information. We offer, that limited level not only pitch and nicotine, but also specified quantity of aforementioned cancerogenic substances.

While at us in the country specifications on the pitch and nicotine MAINtenance in comparison with the countries of the European Union and other civilised countries high — 14 mg of pitch and 1,2 mg of nicotine on a cigarette. New additions to the law «About restriction of smoking of tobacco» are now developed, lower specifications there are offered.

Than a cigar and a tube it is better than cigarettes?

Anything. That a tube and cigars are harmless — a myth. There is a difference in carcinogenicity of cigars, for example, and cigarettes. If the person smokes only cigars and never — cigarettes, it is not tightened. And the tobacco smoke at it is soaked up basically not in lungs, and in a throat, the nose — and instead of a cancer of lungs can earn a cancer of language, a throat and a throat. But if the person smokes cigarettes and cigars it in any case is tightened — differences any. The same concerns tubes.

As to ostensibly harmless smoking of a hookah — in any case this smoking, smoke inhalation, so inhalation of carcinogens. Water is hardly capable to relieve of them.

Foreign cigarettes it is better than ours?

Very much and it is not enough Russian cigarettes — the majority of factories is bought by the western manufacturers. As to foreign cigarettes they differ purely flavouring qualities because become from other grades of tobacco, rather than at us. But from the point of view of influence on health they same harmful, though on actual indicators the pitch and nicotine MAINtenance there more low. But as it has already been told, pitch and nicotine is not MAIN thing.

Harmless cigarettes it is real?

No because, first, nobody will smoke them if in them the drug — nicotine does not contain. Secondly, even if to smoke not cancerogenic tobacco, and a simple grass in the course of cigarette burning it will be formed all the same cancerogenic substances — same as in exhaust pipes of the car. Many consider, that we and so we breathe dirty air so the cigarette smoke of a special role does not play. Actually the substances destroying an organism, "are as though dissolved" in air and in any case we cannot inhale such quantity of the concentrated carcinogens which arrive in an organism during smoking.

Julia Garmatina

For today in the market of cosmetology the price directly defines quality of the goods or rendered service: accordingly, the above the price - the is more qualitative service. But here the phenomenon, that in the cosmetics industry works this law at all always, and the overestimated price yet is not a guarantee of excellent quality. Also enormous quantity of the fashionable brands working in the market of cosmetics and means, for care of a skin and care of hair, put on the goods not is defensible high price, same as checked up trade marks, trying faster to win interest of buyers, they do the rate on advertising (the trade engine), instead of quality of given cosmetics.

Chances to buy you really good, and the most important thing qualitative cosmetics much above in specialised cosmetic shops and the big supermarkets of expensive and elite cosmetics though many ordinary little shops for today adhere to rather soft policy of return of the goods as from errors at us in the country nobody is insured. And so we will begin, all of you have dared to replace cardinally piles image and to update the beautician. Then the first correct step for you visiting of the professional stylist of the visagiste also becomes unique, it it is possible to tell your first investment into the beauty which will pick up suitable cosmetics and will tell, how it to use, that for certain will relieve you of unnecessary expenditure of time for experiments and accordingly money.

Let's together try describe, some councils which to you will help to come to a consensus your aspiration to beauty and your budget:

Samplers. If you up to the end are not convinced, that for you the liked shade of eye shadow, colour of nail polish or tone of lipstick then can safely buy - a compact sampler approaches, you will not spend a great lot of money and will afford experiment. And after your researches, nevertheless whether it be colour or a shade has liked you and approaches you, always it is possible to buy not a sampler on high-grade whether it be lipstick, shades or a varnish.

Cosmetic brushes – excellent purchase which will serve to you long time. At correct leaving and the careful relation of a brush will serve to you years. If you have correctly picked up brushes you simplify to yourselves a life as, it is much easier and more convenient to do a make-up, only it is necessary to be able to do it. If you do not intend to buy the complete set of ill-matched brushes then stop on the most necessary: a brush for drawing of masking means (proof-reader), a brush for drawing of shades, applikator for drawing podvodki and a brush for drawing of blush. I think in this case, it is not necessary to save on cosmetics, choose wide brushes with soft shchetinkoj. If a bristle it is sick redenkaja or dropping out to take better such brushes not, we choose only quality.

Cosmetics in fashionable colour scale. I would not advise each season to fill your beautician with means in fashionable colour scale which nasilu will hold on to the following. But if, you the fair woman of fashion also do not like to lag behind a fashion, and also adore experiments, then get inexpensive cosmetics of little-known brands as a result not to be ruined.

Means of hygiene and account materials. You without effort will find hygienic means without what it is impossible to manage at drawing of a make-up by you - wadded small pillows, in a drugstore or the nearest specialised department store hygienic napkins, sponzhiki, wadded sticks etc.

Blush - one of means of which is not necessary much (and on it thanks). I advise to pay your attention to multipurpose blush, in particular, separate it is possible to use both as eye shadow, and as lipstick. I complain to choose natural and pastel shades which will approach for a daily make-up. Council, aspire to change blush depending on seasons - for spring and summer warm and peach shades which will be in harmony with sunburn, and here, for example, most approach in the autumn and will use more reasonably pink tone which little bit brightening up pallor and simulate a flush in the winter.

Ink for eyelashes. Not the unimportant fact at a choice of the hulk is its price, an example for the person at the inexpensive hulk advantage - it will not be a pity to you to leave it after two-three months of use, so to say for long before it will definitively dry up or will get off lumps.

Nail polish. Colours and shades of a varnish which at all do not approach for manicure, can perfectly add a pedicure! That fact is not forgotten, that a pedicure will long reMAIN in a fine condition, and the varnish bursts less. There is also one more probability to save on varnish - to buy a varnish of firm favourite by you and to use it as the basic layer, and for the top layer to choose a varnish of more inexpensive brand and brighter shade.

Eye shadow. You have a palette of shades with all colours of a rainbow? And what for it to you? You most likely, use only one-two favourite shades. Therefore instead of buying expensive palettes of shades which is pleasant today to you, and tomorrow - is not present, better, be not greedy and buy two-coloured the complete set of qualitative shades of known firm (these shades should be in harmony with colour of your eyes and tone of a skin). According to many visagistes, the best decision is the complete set from two shades, dark grey and light brown or beige (for a day make-up) and more dark tone (for an evening make-up). Visagistes are convinced, that small complete sets from two, four or six shades in one colour scale - more favourable purchase, than shades of one shade.

Lipstick. If you are not confident, which lipstick is necessary to you, prefer natural and neutral tone. Neutral pink or beige shades - always will be a sure version. By the way, dark tone approach far not to all and the more so not on every day. If the shade of the lipstick bought by you, has ceased to please or does not approach, try to add a shade at lipstick drawing by a transparent or light lip gloss.

The proof-reader, a voice-frequency basis and powder. The most important rule not to save on voice-frequency and correcting means! As the ideal smooth skin with a natural shade is a basis for the subsequent make-up. A good and smooth skin - pledge of an excellent make-up, and at a choice of a voice-frequency basis you should resort to the help of the professional visagiste or the adviser in cosmetic shop. Also I will notice that it is better to experiment with structures and shades, and only then to do purchase of the liked goods.

Pencils for lips and eyes. You had a desire to experiment with various shades of planimetric pencils then go to cosmetic specialised shop. Address for council to the professional adviser. It is not forgotten about hygiene, be cautious - always wipe a contour a napkin, and spend a contour from the back party of a palm, instead of on lips, differently risk to pick up an infection.

We spoke already once with you about questions of mutual relations between our children. In given article it would be desirable to describe some rules which should be observed in conversation on sex. The important and interesting theme. Quite often because of wrong positioning of sex the wrong relation to it is formed. And the wrong relation to sex questions as you understand, can deliver a great deal of trouble, let alone tragical consequences.

So, here some moments which it is necessary to remember when you will get with your child conversation about sexuality and sex directly …

1. Two positions, two poles.

At all do not assign a problem only to itself. Men are more rational, they I can tell about rules, respect and consequences. For example, daughters the father can tell about boys of a thing about whom mum can not know or not remember. It will be firm and basic with the son. But only mum under force to tell to the son about mysteriousness of women, about their vulnerability, and to the girl to tell about things absolutely not clear to men. In general, both of you should take a hand in sexual education of your children that it was all-round and high-grade.

It is impossible to exclude a variant of an incomplete family. In this case the parent should fill a blank: to ask the help of the psychologist or the friend to an opposite sex.

2. Sexuality begins with romanticism.

Romanticism it is good. Begin with it. Tell about the childhood, colours and kisses on a bench. Give concept of appointment. Sexual relations should be positioned as addition to relations human.

3. Sexual relations — not a forbidden fruit.

Quite often parents to certain age position sex as something forbidden. The incorrect approach. Sexuality is natural. In it there is nothing shameful. However, to all the time. Talk freely on similar themes, do not injure to own child a life. Remember: «in Soviet Union of sex was not»? And how many the spoilt destinies. And meanwhile, sexual relations between enamoured it is fine! And the they will be more various, the better. Your child should approach prepared for such important step.

4. To give to boys it is more than attention.

In purely physiological sense to boys is easier. In this connection, their part supply much with smaller quantity of the information, conduct less conversations on a sex theme. It is wrong. Girls receive know more and earlier at least because sooner or later at them the monthly begin. During this period parents explain much to daughters.

Boys have «wet dreams», the first ejakuljatsii. They too need to tell much, they do not understand much. Give to your sons of more time.

5. Listen to modern children.

Time inevitably rushes forward. And much varies. In questions of education you often recollect the childhood? I think, yes. But 70ые or 80ые strongly enough differed from present time. There were times of communities, free sex, drugs. After all were? Your children should not repeat your errors. But speech not only about errors. Now other culture, other principles and ideals. You should know, hold all it, that is called, a hand on pulse. Sources weight, it is necessary to look back only.

6. To describe situations in which there can be a sex.

There is a number of the reasons on which sooner or later there is a sexual contact between teenagers. For example, a party in honour of birthday, arrangements (or even pressure) the girlfriend \friend, discussion and arrangements of contemporaries, the alcohol use … Love, eventually. These and many other things the reasons should be well-known to your child, discuss them that it was ready and, perhaps, has taken any measures.

7. The different approach to boys and girls.

It is necessary to understand, that boys and girls — it is not simple people of a different floor, but also the beings having absolutely different logic [a comment red. Read article the Female logic? No! Specificity of thinking!], … this Difference you necessarily should consider psychology, endurance, talking about sex.

For example, a question on the first sex. The girl should learn to speak "is not present", looking in eyes perhaps the favourite person, the nobility, than it is necessary to motivate the refusal. The same for the young man gets absolutely other colouring: the girl can be agree, and in this case the young man should know about responsibility which both of them should incur.

8. Illustrate the told.

Talking, not be unfounded. Around weight of sources of the information and potential proofs of your words. The TV, the Internet, articles in newspapers and magazines, films and many other things — all it can support your words, make their more powerful.

9. Emotional consequences of sex.

Sexual relations can deliver a lot of pleasure, positive emotions if they are harmonious and timely. Casual or unhealthy sexual relations are capable to wound deeply people, to force to regret about sodejannom or even to harm to themselves. Tell about it, result examples from actually life, a life of friends. As I already spoke above, sex is better to position as the Love part then it will bring exclusively positive results.

10. Oral sex too is dangerous.

Modern children and teenagers not bad enough osvedomleniy in sexual questions. Almost all I know about danger to catch venereal diseases or even AIDS. In this connection, often traditional sex is replaced with the oral. Teenagers consider, that it is safe and convenient — not naurushaetsja virgin pleva, there is no danger of infection with any infection. The last — is incorrect.

You should know about it and warn children. Many infections, in particular AIDS, are transferred through a saliva or microscopic ranki in a mouth. Be vigilant and learn to vigilance of your children.

Successful to you of conversation!

The information is taken:

You have already cleaned winter boots in a case, but do not know what to buy for the spring and summer? Then this review of fashionable footwear 2008 for you!

The most fashionable and universal footwear in this season are botilony. For those who does not know, it is such boots closing an anklebone, but not reaching calves. They even can be carried in the summer in rainy weather, therefore to worry that your legs will get wet, it is not necessary.

On colour and a material a great variety. You can choose varnished any colour under the dress, suede, leather or from a fabric. It is not important, whether botilony will be decorated by belts, buckles, pastes or a lace, all the same it is a season hit.

Are still actual and do not hand over a shoe-baletki position. More graceful and convenient footwear not to think up. If you are active and do not love heels, it is your choice.

If in your city hot weather in any way cannot be established, take advantage of shoes with an open sock. In them it will not be cold, but thus it will be effective to be looked your new pedicure. Such shoes can be on a platform, on a low or high heel.

By the way, concerning height of a heel the fashion is loyal in this summer. Heels can be square, triangular and even bent. Lovers of hairpins too will find pair.

At barefoot persons the most fashionable element is the T-shaped thong or a thong on shchikolodke. Many designers in this season offer the bright varnished footwear in style of 60th years. Colour of footwear – taste business. Favourites for summer, as always, reMAIN white, beige, gold. On a structure you choose a varnish, suede, a tree or rubber.

The majority of fashionable ideas can be observed in collections Carolina Herrera, Guess, Dolce&Gabbana, TJ Collection.

It would seem, purchase of the complete set of bed-clothes should not cause problems. MAIN thing - to choose the liked colouring, and the rest - business simple. However, as soon as you start to select, at once there is a mess in sizes and strange names. Therefore we suggest you to familiarise with the standard designations of the sizes of complete sets.

The Russian manufacturers of linen let out complete sets polutoraspalnyh, double and increased "euros" of the sizes. The sizes of a bed-sheet, accordingly, make in them 143х215 sm, 175х 215 sm and 220х 240 see If you buy linen of foreign manufacture, the system of designations here operates. For a bed of the daughter or the little son it is possible to pick up beautiful "multjashnye" complete sets of the size baby bed - to 130 sm at length.

That who likes to sleep in loneliness, it is necessary to choose from a single set single (or twin) and extra long single, corresponding on our size polutoraspalnomu. Much more a choice at enamoured and married couples. Classical double (or full) is a usual double linen. The greatest, imperial sizes and names carry appropriate - queen and king size. The first is approximately equal to our "euro", and the second is calculated on very wide bed. The sizes of a blanket cover in such complete set average 200х220 sm, and - and that it is more than bed-sheet - 240х260.

Besides usual bed-sheets, in foreign complete sets often there are bed-sheets on an elastic band. They approach only for beds and sofas which in the spread out kind have no back and armrests. They are convenient enough in use as are fixed on a mattress, are not rumpled and do not slip. With them the bed always will be accurate. But at the expense of presence of an elastic band and the lateral cloths gathering in folds, with them it is necessary to tinker during an ironing. If this moment does not frighten, search on packing of linen for a designation fitted sheet.

The sizes of a pillowcase too can differ depending on the complete set. It can be as standard square "odezhki" on pillows (70х70 sm), and rectangular pillowcases with an edging (50х70 sm). That protisnut a pillow in such pillowcase, it is necessary to turn in it on each side and as it is necessary to crumple. Sometimes the complete set includes at once 4 pillowcases - pair standard and pair with an edging. However they differ on appearance. Rectangular more elegant also repeats blanket cover drawing, and square - monophonic and coincides on colour with a bed-sheet.

Sleeping set

In the standard complete set of linen the bed-sheet, a blanket cover and two pillowcases settles down. Incomplete sets of bedding come across also. The so-called summer variant consists of two pillowcases and a bed-sheet. Is better to add with its terry coverlet. In the eurocomplete set, on the contrary, there is no bed-sheet. Only the elegant blanket cover and two pillowcases to which independently it is necessary to select the monophonic bed-sheet which is in harmony on colour there enter. Where it is possible to meet the complete set with two blanket covers - for an establishment of full harmony between spouses less often. It really the useful decision for those pairs where each partner aspires to draw a blanket on itself.

At purchase it is necessary to pay attention to packing, therefrom it is possible to gather many useful data on properties on a fabric. Manufacturers of the sound bed-clothes, ready to be responsible for quality of production, specify cloth density on packing. It develops of quantity of the weaved threads on square centimetre. Their good strong material has less 60. The Most dense and durable fabrics total to 120 interlacings, but of them usually do warm linen for winter. The lowest density (from 20 to 30 threads on 1 sm2) at refined most thin lawn from which sew expensive gift complete sets for solemn occasions. Average density (from 35 to 65 threads) at the most popular fabrics - flax and numerous versions of a clap. The density of Turkish silk can be characterised as above an average, Chinese - as high. The same density artificial fabrics possess also. The highest density - at the Japanese silk and gljants-sateen. These fabrics the most durable and proof to deterioration.

The big washing - a long ironing

And after the complete set is bought, got MAIN and spread on a bed, it is not necessary to throw out at once packing, after all on packing or in the paper loose leaf it is possible to find rules on leaving. The recommended temperature for clap and flax washing - 60°С. At such heating of water frequent "visitors" of our bed - dust pincers and microbes perish. If the fabric cannot be erased in such hot water as, for example, lawn for which the temperature in 40°С is recommended, take advantage of the ancient grandmother's recipe - a bed-sheet land on the sun. The ultraviolet which contains in solar beams, without effort will cope with harmful microorganisms. If the fabric very thin or is embroidered by laces, the linen is better for combining in a pillowcase and to send in a drum of the washing machine under such reliable cover. Snow-white cotton and linen fabrics can be erased at temperature from 60°С to 90°С a powder with bleaching effect or with addition of the concentrated bleach. And here multjashek, it is better to entrust washing of the colourful complete sets dazzling with colours, fruit, clouds and mugs to powders for colour linen which will keep brightness of drawing. To dry such linen it is better far from the sun to keep colours from burning out. If such possibility is not present, turn out pillowcases and a blanket cover inside out. By the way, to iron colour and dark fabrics follows too from a seamy side.

How often to change linen?

By councils the fan-shuj to send bed-sheets on washing follows after each employment by love. Otherwise the negative energy which has settled on bed, will make your dream uneasy, awakening unsweetened, the probability to rise not from that foot will increase in hundred krat and in general the life becomes not in pleasure. And still - as it is pleasant to get in pure, snow-white or on the contrary, bed full bright paints after the long working day! If to start the washing machine of times in a week and to dim a bed the new complete set, your bed always will be fresh, tidy and having to the most sweet dreams. Then the linen should not be bleached, and it will serve longer. And not to spoil a fabric frequent washings, choose sparing mode of washing and establish low temperature.

The ironing is among the most unloved house efforts, taking an honourable second place after ware washing. Perhaps for this reason the opinion recently has extended, what glazhenie bed-clothes is unhealthy and it is necessary to refuse processing by an iron? And still the bed in a fold will never look accurate and does not become such soft and cosy, as glazhenoe linen. If you wish to facilitate this process, already at a choice of the complete set pay attention by sight of a fabric. Is easier silk and a clap also are fast ironed, hardly more efforts it is necessary to put at a sateen ironing. And uneasy in an ironing - flax and lawn, therefore them it is better not to dry up the most labour-consuming up to the end and to iron slightly damp. The bed-clothes from a reaped chintz do not demand processing by an iron. Thanks to the relief invoice of a fold on it are imperceptible, and the linen looks elegantly and accurately.

And that your bed not only pleased an eye with flower drawing, but also smelt sweet as roses, a lavender, green tea and other delightful aromas, place in a pile of the pure and ironed linen of a sachet with fragrant grasses, petals or granules or a slice of cotton wool with one-two drops of essence.

Pleasant Dreams!

Note source: